How A Periodontist Can Help Cancer Patients


Posted on Mar 18, 2024 by William J. Claiborne, DDS MS
For those who learn they have cancer, regardless of the type, it is a frightening diagnosis. While survival rates have been positively increasing over the years, it is a dreaded disease that requires challenging treatment regimens, even for those who have early stage cancer diagnoses.
Thanks to extensive research and advances in treatment options (including high-tech imaging that catches many cancers in their early stages) the survival statistics are climbing at a steady pace. In 2022, 69% of survivors have lived over 5 years since their diagnosis; 47% have lived over 10 years since their diagnosis; and 18% of survivors have lived over 20.
Encouraging, also, is that the number of cancer survivors is projected to increase by 24.4% by 2032.
Treatment for cancer can be very compromising to the immune system. One of the ways to support the immune system is by having excellent periodontal health. Having a healthy mouth can lower the demands on the immune system. Here’s why…
The mouth is home to millions of bacteria; some bacteria are good and some are bad. When the bad bacteria are well-managed (through proper brushing, flossing and regular dental check-ups), the gums remain healthy and protective to the structures below.
When bad bacteria over-accumulate, the immune system becomes strained as it attempts to combat their rapid reproduction. The bacteria become infectious, destroying healthy tissues. This leads to the loosening of gum tissues that snugly wrap the base of each tooth. Thus, bacteria are able to penetrate below the surface of the gums.
Here, bacteria attack the structures that support teeth, including bone. This destruction can cause teeth to loosen, leading to the need for removal in some cases.
Yet, it is not just the immune system that is challenged by the bacteria. Even for those in good overall states, having gum disease increases the risks for many health problems, such as heart disease, stroke, arthritis, diabetes, dementia and even certain cancers.
In a study by Harvard scientists from data that included almost 150,000 adults with a follow-up after 28 years, those with a history of periodontal disease were 43% more likely to develop esophageal cancer and 52% more likely to develop stomach cancer. The risk was even higher in those with gum disease severe enough to cause tooth loss (periodontitis).
Although the exact mechanism connecting gum disease and some cancers is still uncertain, studies continually show correlations. This can be in the form of triggering the onset or worsening those in development.
In one study from the late 1990s until 2012, study participants with severe gum disease showed a 24% higher risk of developing cancer. For edentulous patients (those who have no remaining natural teeth), there was an even higher risk.
As a periodontist, I have a firsthand view of how destructive the infectious bacteria of gum disease can be. Ridding any level of this can reduce the demands on the immune system. As such, we often care for cancer patients to relieve the problems in the mouth that some medications and radiation can cause (such as tissue infections and sores, pain or swelling in the mouth, and sensitivity to hot and cold). This is often done using a dental laser. Laser therapy is very comfortable and is safe for cancer patients and the process can expedite healing greatly.
I’d also like to take this opportunity to address, specifically, oral and oropharyngeal cancers since April is National Oral Cancer Awareness month. While some other cancers seem to be more present in the public eye, awareness of oral and neck/throat cancers needs to be greater. Oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers occur most often in the following sites:
• tongue
• tonsils and oropharynx (the part of the throat behind the mouth)
• gums, floor of the mouth, and other parts of the mouth
The rest are found in the lips, the minor salivary glands (which often occur in the roof of the mouth), and other sites.
The American Cancer Society’s most recent estimates for oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers in the U.S. are for 2024:
   – About 58,450 new cases of oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer
   – About 12,230 deaths from oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer
The average age of people diagnosed with these cancers is 64, but they can occur in young people. Just over 20% (1 in 5) of cases occur in people younger than 55.
Adult males are at the highest risk for oral cancer, with black males being the most susceptible. The risk also increases with age, especially after age 50. Although the risk typically peaks between the ages of 60 – 70, males between ages 50 – 59 tend to have the highest numbers.
It is important to be aware of the warning signs of oral cancer, including:
• A sore, irritation, lump or thick patch in the mouth, lip, or throat
• White or red patch inside the mouth
• Feeling something is stuck in the throat
• Difficulty chewing or swallowing
• Difficulty moving the jaw or tongue
• Numbness in the tongue or other areas of the mouth
• Unexplained swelling of the jaw
• Pain in an ear without hearing loss
While these symptoms do not always indicate oral cancer, any that do not clear up on their own within 2 weeks should be examined without delay.
This dental exam is painless. Many patients, if not told, are not aware that the dentist is performing it. During this, the dentist does a visual examination of oral tissues, checking the lips and inside of the mouth (including under the tongue). The dentist will also check the roof and floor of your mouth.
If suspicious areas are noted during the exam, the dentist will order a biopsy. In this, a small sample of tissue from the area of concern is removed and examined under a microscope. This will determine whether further tests are needed.
Unfortunately, the CDC reports that about 35% of adults over the age of 18 did not have a dental visit in 2019. This leaves those who are vulnerable or developing oral cancer at higher risk of it advancing. Those regular dental checkups go beyond the cleaning of teeth and lowering the risk of oral cancers adds greatly to the need to be committed to these appointments.
If you are experiencing symptoms of gum disease, please know that this disease will only worsen without treatment. If you have any of those listed below, please contact our Asheville periodontal dental office as soon as possible to schedule an examination.
Watch for:
Swollen or puffy gums
Bright red, dark red or dark purple gums
Gums that feel tender when touched
Gums that bleed easily
Seeing pink in the sink or toothbrush after brushing
Spitting out blood when brushing or flossing teeth
Bad breath that won’t go away
If fear has kept you from having regular dental care, our Western periodontal dental office offers both oral and I.V. sedation (twilight sleep). Feel free to call 828-274-9440 to arrange a consultation appointment to discuss any concerns you have regarding treatment or payment plans.
Sources:

Do Different Age Groups Perceive the Importance of Oral Health Differently?


Posted on Feb 09, 2024 by William J. Claiborne, DDS MS

Just how important is your oral health?

Although Americans often focus on their smiles esthetically, it’s a far more important part of you than is often given due credit on a day-to-day basis. Yes, straight, white teeth help to enhance the appearance of a smile (as well as facial appearance), it’s what is typically not seen that has far greater importance.

About 50% of the world’s population over the age of 30 suffer from periodontitis. In the U.S., a developed country with excellent healthcare, a whopping 47% of adults over the age of 30 have some level of periodontal disease.

Because gum disease can begin without obvious symptoms, or be present without having pain, it is too easily ignored. This allows the disease to progress further.

The early stage, known as gingivitis, usually begins with swollen and tender gums that bleed easily when brushing teeth. As it worsens, the healthy pink hue of gums darken to more of a red color and breath odor is persistently bad. The gums begin to loosen their strong grip around the base of teeth, allowing infectious bacteria to reach bone structures that support tooth roots. In advanced stages (periodontitis), pus pockets form near the base of some teeth and gums become spongy in texture.

The bacteria of periodontal disease doesn’t just damage oral health. Through weakened oral tissues, the bacteria can enter the bloodstream and trigger inflammatory reactions. These reactions can worsen some serious health conditions and even activate others.

Research has found correlations between these bacteria and heart disease, stroke, diabetes, arthritis, some cancers (including pancreatic), preterm babies, erectile dysfunction, and Alzheimer’s disease.

In a 2020 study, individuals with gum disease who contracted COVID-19 were 9 times more likely to die. And, the study showed that COVID patients who already had advanced gum disease were 3 times more likely to end up in intensive care or on a ventilator. Evidence shows that poor oral health can increase viral infection severity, and even fatality rates.

But, does age play a part in the commitment to oral health?

A report commissioned by Delta Dental Plans Association revealed some concerning information regarding age groups and perceptions of oral health. With over 1,000 online participants, 87% listed their priority for maintaining proper oral care was to save money or avoid unexpected expenses. Two-thirds of the group listed their commitment to at-home dental hygiene as the desire to avoid tooth decay and gum disease. Yet, only 79% of adults stated they brushed their teeth twice a day with only 33% admitting to flossing daily.

In reviewing age groups, the report found that baby boomers (those born between 1946 – 1964) understand there is a strong link between their oral and overall health, but are less aware than other generations about the connection between poor dental health and chronic diseases (such as arthritis and diabetes). Those listed in the Generation Z group (born between 1997 – 2012) showed less commitment to their oral health as the “boomers,” but are more focused on eco-friendly and nontraditional oral care products. Only 76% of Generation Z agreed that oral health is closely connected to overall health.

An article in RDH Today recently shared that one-third of millennials (born between 1981 and 1996) admit to only brushing once per day, and the average millennial has gone over two days without brushing at all. Yet, 28% of young adults admit that ““The appearance of my mouth and teeth affects my ability to interview for a job.”

The study also shared that 27% of millennials are uncomfortable going to the dentist compared to 23% of respondents 55 years and older, and 56% of millennials have simply made an excuse not to go to the dentist compared to the 36% of those 55 years and older.

While fear remains a factor in a percentage of adults, this deterrent has existed for years among all ages. The American Dental Association conducted a survey on millennials, the fear issue was not the leading problem. Cost and inconvenient time and location were cited as the top excuses for avoiding regular dental care.

Excuses aside, here are some reminders about the benefits of maintaining good oral health:

• Technology – Today’s imaging technology (such as our Cone Beam technology and IntraOral scanners), allow us to treatment plan for the most conservative treatment possible. These amazing features provide amazing detail so treatment can be performed with precision for optimal outcomes.

• Comfort – In addition to the conservative treatment made possible by advanced imaging technology, we offer enhanced comfort options, including oral and I.V. sedation. Also referred to as “twilight sleep” or “sleep dentistry,” these sedatives are administered by a doctor of anesthesia who utilizes advanced safety monitoring equipment.

• Savings of Time & Money – The reason for 6-month dental check-ups and dental cleanings is to remove tartar buildup before damage can occur. Your hygienist and dentist can look for signs of gum disease so measures can be taken before the disease explodes into the need for more costly treatment to resolve the problem. Since gum disease is the nation’s leading cause of adult tooth loss, the associated expenses of replacing teeth can also be avoided by maintaining good oral health.

• Bolstering Overall Health – Although the Covid pandemic made us more aware of the benefits of vaccines and healthy habits such as hand-washing, it is our immune system that makes people more or less vulnerable. By investing in having healthy gums, the immune system is supported.

Be aware of the signs and symptoms of gum disease. These include:
Sore, swollen gums
Gums that bleed easily when brushing
Persistent bad breath
Gums that recede (pull away or loosen from the base of teeth)
Gums that turn red in color
Pus pockets that form at the base of some teeth
Teeth that loosen or shift

If you have any of these, you are urged to seek periodontal care as soon as possible. This disease will only worsen without treatment.

Call 828-274-9440 to schedule a consultation in our state-of-the-art Asheville periodontal dental office. A referral is not required.

 

Sources:

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jcpe.13435https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/dental.htm

https://www.deltadental.com/content/dam/ddpa/us/en/state-of-america%27s-oral-health-and-wellness-report/DDPA_State%20of%20Oral%20Health%20Report_2023-Release_FINAL.pdfse-you

https://www.ada.org/-/media/project/ada-organization/ada/ada-org/files/resources/research/hpi/us-oral-health-well-being.pdf

https://www.todaysrdh.com/do-millennials-truly-have-worse-oral-health-than-their-parents/

https://nypost.com/2018/02/23/millennials-are-terrible-at-keeping-their-teeth-clean/

Gum Disease, Tooth Loss Warnings For Smokers


Posted on Jan 29, 2024 by William J. Claiborne, DDS MS

We’re a month in to the new year. If you made the resolution to quit smoking, you may be struggling at this point. But keep up the effort. In addition to the many problems associated with smoking, your smile is also at risk.

As a periodontist in Asheville, NC, I’ve seen how significantly the habit of cigarette smoking can have on one’s smile. It’s no secret that smoking cigarettes can stain teeth and cause bad breath. However, nicotine in any form is a hazardous force in the mouth.

In studies, smokers were 3 – 6 times more likely to have gum disease than nonsmokers. One reason is because smoking is very drying to oral tissues and decreases saliva production. Less saliva means there is less of a natural ‘rinsing’ away of bacteria in the mouth. This leads to higher concentrations of oral bacteria.

Dry tissues also slows healing in the mouth. The longer it takes for tissues to heal, the greater the potential for bacterial complications.

In one study, it was found that smokers were twice as likely as non-smokers to lose teeth in the five years after completing treatment for gum disease. Smokers are also shown to respond less favorably to oral surgery treatments due to slowed healing. For the same reason, dental implants are more likely to fail in smokers.

Researchers who have studied the effects of tobacco smoke on oral tissues say it appears to interfere with the body’s natural ability to fight disease and promote healing. Apparently, smoking affects the way gum tissue responds to all types of treatment, possibly due to tobacco chemicals that interfere with blood flow to the gums. This slows the healing process and makes treatment results less favorable.

According to a study at Temple University, pipe and cigar smokers and users of smokeless tobacco (“chew”) are just as prone to implant complications than cigarette smokers. The study showed three times the amount of moderate to severe gum disease as that of non-smokers.

The American Dental Association (ADA) also warns that smoking can cause the gums to recede from teeth, exposing vulnerable tooth root sections. This enables easier entry of oral bacteria into the structures that support tooth roots. Smoking can also delay healing following periodontal therapy, extractions or implant placement. The longer it takes oral tissues to heal, the greater the risks for infection to develop.

Additionally, smoking increases the risks of oral cancer, lesions inside the mouth, periodontal (gum) disease, enamel erosion and tooth loss. It greatly reduces saliva flow in the mouth, which is a tremendous aid in removing bacteria and food particles from the mouth, helping to control bacteria levels. The condition of “dry mouth” also causes bad breath.

According to the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC), a smoker has twice the risk for gum disease compared with that of a nonsmoker. (https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/periodontal-gum-disease.html)

When a patient is diagnosed with advanced periodontal disease (periodontitis), they must make a commitment of time and expense to rid this inflammatory disease from their mouths. For those who ignore its presence or assume it will get better on its own, the disease will simply progress further.

Gum disease begins with sore gums that may bleed while brushing teeth. Or, it may cause no noticeable symptoms at all in early stages.

As it worsens, gum disease will cause frequent bad breath, tender gums that turn red, gum recession, and gums that bleed easily when brushing. Pus pockets may form on the gums. As it attacks the structures beneath the gum line, teeth may loosen or shift.

As the nation’s leading cause of adult tooth loss, it brings the hard decisions (and expense) for replacement. After all, you need teeth for eating and speaking. Do you go with dental implants? Or, do you take on the challenges that come with dentures and partials? As hard as the decisions of replacing teeth can be, gum disease can bring even more devastation with it.

Research has linked the bacteria of gum disease to serious health problems. These include heart disease, stroke, preterm babies, arthritis, diabetes, impotency, some cancers and even Alzheimer’s disease. These connections occur through the infectious bacteria of gum disease entering the bloodstream through tears in diseased gum tissues.According to the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC), a smoker has twice the risk for gum disease compared with that of a nonsmoker.

(https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/periodontal-gum-disease.html)

When a patient is diagnosed with advanced periodontal disease (periodontitis), they must make a commitment of time and expense to rid this inflammatory disease from their mouths. For those who ignore its presence or assume it will get better on its own, the disease will simply progress further.

Gum disease begins with sore gums that may bleed while brushing teeth. Or, it may cause no noticeable symptoms at all in early stages.

As it worsens, gum disease will cause frequent bad breath, tender gums that turn red, gum recession, and gums that bleed easily when brushing. Pus pockets may form on the gums. As it attacks the structures beneath the gum line, teeth may loosen or shift.

As the nation’s leading cause of adult tooth loss, it brings the hard decisions (and expense) for replacement. After all, you need teeth for eating and speaking. Do you go with dental implants? Or, do you take on the challenges that come with dentures and partials? As hard as the decisions of replacing teeth can be, gum disease can bring even more devastation with it.

Research has linked the bacteria of gum disease to serious health problems. These include heart disease, stroke, preterm babies, arthritis, diabetes, impotency, some cancers and even Alzheimer’s disease. These connections occur through the infectious bacteria of gum disease entering the bloodstream through tears in diseased gum tissues.

If you feel your smile is safe by switching to vaping (use of e-cigarettes), read on.

Because of the vape’s moist presence in the mouth, the assumption with vaping over smoking cigarettes is the “benefit” of oral dryness. However, this is easily dispelled when looking at the true facts.

While there are more than 7,000 chemicals found in the smoke of tobacco products, (including nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide, acetaldehyde and N-nitrosamines),  nicotine is the primary addicting component. A study of some e-cigarette products found the vapor contains known carcinogens and toxic chemicals, as well as potentially toxic metal particles from the device itself.

The e-liquids delivered by these devices typically contain nicotine, propylene or polyethylene glycol, glycerin, and additives.

In addition to the treatment of all stages of periodontal disease, a periodontist is highly skilled in dental implant placement. Dental implants have become a leading choice in tooth replacement for many reasons, including:

• Dental implants restore one’s natural ability to bite and chew comfortably.
• Dental implants allow people to eat a healthy diet of foods, chewing thoroughly to support good digestion.
• Dental implants enhance confidence when speaking, laughing and dining in social gatherings.
• Dental implants recreate stimulation to the jaw bone like that of natural tooth roots, which helps to halt bone loss.
• Through the prevention of further bone loss, dental implants contribute to the well-big of neighboring teeth
• Dental implants slow the aging changes to facial appearance by preserving jaw bone mass.
• Dental implants, with properly maintenance, are designed to last a lifetime.

One of the most appealing aspects is the longevity of dental implants. Today’s implants are designed to last a lifetime with up to a 98 percent success rate. This is one of the highest success rates for any implant-in-bone procedure.

However, like anything that’s not a natural part of the body, there is a potential for failure. For smokers, the habit is a significant contributor to implant failure.

Studies have shown that people who smoke have more calculus (also known as tartar) than nonsmokers. Calculus is the cement-like buildup on teeth, which is a concentrated mass of oral bacteria. When gums are weakened by an over-accumulation of bacteria, successful integration of dental implants is compromised.

Having a successful outcome with dental implant treatment is worth the efforts to quit smoking. Within two weeks of quitting, gum health improves. (https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/tobacco/cessation-fact-sheet)

In our Western NC periodontal dental office, we intend for every dental implant we place to provide a successful outcome. However, patients who smoke must understand they have higher risks for complications, and even failure of dental implants. The first step is a thorough evaluation of your gums and the existing bone to support dental implants.

At your initial visit, I’ll answer your questions about the process, anticipated costs, and even sedation options. Call 586-739-2155 for an exam appointment or consultation or tap here to begin.

What Gum Disease Bacteria Does To You That May Surprise You.


Posted on Dec 15, 2023 by William J. Claiborne, DDS MS

As we round the corner of another year, making oral hygiene a priority seems a distant thought in the midst of holiday preparations and activities of the season. But, it should be at all times in our lives, for many reasons.

Over the years, research has continuously shown that the bacteria of periodontal disease can have a number of harmful effects – in the mouth AND elsewhere.

This is because these inflammatory bacteria can enter the bloodstream and travel throughout the body. Studies show that these bacteria can activate or worsen a number of serious health problems.

People easily understand that a mouthful of bacteria can cause bad breath and gums that may be tender and redden in color. This makes sense, since an area with a skin cut can redden and swell if it doesn’t heal properly. Yet, because gum tissues are concealed behind cheeks and lips, it is easier to ignore problems that may be clear that something is wrong if more exposed.

To be clear, bacteria in our bodies is not always a bad thing. For example, certain bacteria in the gut actually enhance the process of digestion and help to keep the digestive system operating efficiently.

However, some bacteria are bad. These ignite when too much bacteria invade the body, causing the immune system to become overburdened. Bacterial overload can leave the body’s natural defense response, white blood cells, unable to conquer the infection. So, when a cut becomes infected, your doctor may prescribe an antibiotic to give the immune system added reinforcements.

And, when bacteria overload occurs in the mouth, an inflammatory reaction begins. This is the beginning of gum disease.

Signs of gum disease include bleeding or sore gums, persistent bad breath, receded gums, and/or gums that are red rather than a healthy pink. These are warning signs since gum disease will only worsen without treatment.

As gum disease progresses, gums begin to pull away from the base of teeth, gums become very tender and bleed easily when brushing, pus pockets form on gums and teeth may shift or loosen.

Unfortunately, gum disease is ignored too often by adults in the U.S. The CDC estimates that over 47% of Americans have some level of gum disease, which is also the leading cause of tooth loss.

A periodontist is a specialist in the treatment of all stages of gum disease and in the placement of dental implants.  He or she is the expert who can help to restore a bacteria-burdened “oral cavity” to a healthy state.

In addition to a healthy smile, the health of your gums can impact your overall health. By keeping the bacteria of advanced gum disease, known as periodontitis, you lower your risks of a long list of serious health problems that have been shown connected to gum disease bacteria. These include:

• Heart Disease & Stroke – 
According to research, having advanced gum disease makes you twice as likely to develop heart disease. This is due to clot-causing proteins that occur from oral bacteria that can clog arteries, including the carotid artery that supplies the brain with blood.

• Dementia & Alzheimer’s disease
 – Studies have shown that tooth loss from oral bacteria is a risk factor for memory loss and early stage Alzheimer’s disease. Apparently, oral infection cause inflammation triggers that can lead to the destruction of brain cells.

• Cancer – 
Researchers found that males with gum disease are 54% more likely to develop pancreatic cancer, nearly 50% more likely to develop kidney cancer and 30% more likely to have blood cancers.

• Diabetes
 – Because people with diabetes are more susceptible to infections, with 95% of whom also have periodontal disease.

• Erectile Dysfunction – 
Men with periodontal disease are 7 times more likely to have erectile dysfunction (ED).

• Premature Birth – Nearly 13% of U.S. babies are born premature, which can lead to breathing issues and infections. Infection in the mother’s body, which includes infection from periodontal disease, can create inflammatory reactions that are related to premature and low birth weight babies.

• Infertility – 
Research has found that gum disease can complicate attempts for a female to become pregnant.

• Respiratory Problems – 
When bloodborne bacteria from gum disease reaches the lungs, people with respiratory problems are at higher risk of pneumonia and acute bronchitis (COPD).

It has been said that the mouth is the gateway to the body. Whether it’s the holidays or vacation time or just a busy schedule, your oral health should be a commitment. It takes just minutes a day to brush your teeth thoroughly (at least 2 minutes each time), twice daily, floss daily and swish after meals.

Drink plenty of water, especially after consuming caffeinated beverages or alcohol (including wine). If you smoke, begin with a periodontal exam and ask our hygienist for at-home care instructions.

Call 828-274-9440 if you have questions about your gums or if you are experiencing any of the above mentioned symptoms of gum disease. Also, visit our website to learn more about our sedation options (including “twilight sleep”) and advanced technology, which often reduces treatment time while enhancing comfort.

 

 

 

 

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